The government recently released a report from 2002 which states the findings of the National Highway Transportation and Safety Administration. They found that cell phone are dangerous when used behind the wheel. This is no surprise. The NHTSA wanted to ban cell phone use behind the wheel. This is also not much of a surprise, as many state governments already have laws like this. You can read more about the report here. The more interesting part of the report is where they talk about their determination that handsfree cell phone use is as dangerous as normal cell phone use.
I found this finding interesting, and wrote the author of the article about it, and he did me the favor of pulling some choice qoutes out of the report, which has been posted here by the New York Times. The quotes follow:
- “Driver distraction contributes to about 25 percent of all police-reported traffic crashes. Though all distractions are a concern, we have seen the growth of a particular distraction, namely cell phone use while driving. While the precise impact cannot be quantified, we nevertheless have concluded that the use of cell phones while driving has contributed to an increasing number of crashes, injuries and fatalities.”
- There is “little, if any, difference between the use of hand-held and hands-free phones in contributing to the risk of a crash while driving distracted. Hands-free or hand-held, we have found that the cognitive distraction is significant enough to degrade a driver’s performance.”
- While “all distractions can be dangerous, wireless communication devices are a (sic) particularly unique and troublesome since they involve cognitive distraction … the reality is, driver performance can be compromised regardless of whether the device is hand-held or hands-free. Consequently, we recommend that drivers not use a cell phone while driving.”
- “A significant body of research worldwide indicates that both hand-held and hands-free cell phones increase the risk of a crash. Indeed, research has demonstrated that there is little, if any difference between the use of hand-held and hands-free phones in contributing to the risk of driving while distracted. In either operational mode, we have found that the cognitive distraction is significant enough to degrade a driver’s performance.”
I find these parts of the report very interesting. The main point seems to be that the task of talking on a cell phone is cognitively distracting. For the sake of simplifying, let’s just say that they are saying it is not the act of having a hand off the wheel holding a cell phone, or typing on the keypad to send a text message is not the true danger, rather the danger lies in having to think about what you are saying in your conversation. Basically, it is the act of carrying on a phone conversation in itself which is dangerous.
I am sure there are scientific studies which support this idea. It even makes sense. Thinking about something other than your driving would make your driving worse. My question is, is having a phone conversation any more dangerous than having any conversation. That is, is it just as distracting for me to carry on a conversation with another passenger in my car as it is for me to have a conversation over the phone? I don’t know. If anyone knows of a study that documents this, I would be very interested in hearing about it. If I consider the argument, and granted this is without any concrete evidence beyond personal experience, it seems to me that any conversation is a cognitive distraction.
My question then is, if we are going to legislate against cell phone use while driving, including handsfree use, what is the next step. We have known for a long time passengers can distract the driver. How many movies have scenes where the driver looks away from the road to see what a passenger is doing, and then gets in an accident. If our government legislates against cell phone use due to the cognitive distraction, it must legislate against other cognitive distractions. Where does this lead? In an extreme world, I can imagine future cars where the driver sits in a sound proof bubble. Only the passengers can listen to the radio. The driver does not have any cup holders, or any other place to set any items down. By law, the driver must be alone in the bubble with only the vehicle controls.
This is an extreme view. I certainly do not believe it would ever actually happen. The line must be drawn somewhere however. So, where should the line be drawn?